Social distancing is a method of preventative behavioral actions aimed at stymieing the spread of infection in a population. The goal of social distancing is to reduce the likelihood of transmitting infection-carrying microorganisms to others, in order to minimize the rate of morbidity, slow down or even stop the spread of an infectious disease among the public altogether.

Social distancing is most effective when the infection is transmitted through physical contact. Conversely, it may be less effective in cases when the infection is transmitted primarily through contaminated water, food, or insects like mosquitoes, rather than physical interactions between people.

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